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(Unicode C) Using the OAuth2 Authorization Token in REST API CallsDemonstrates how to use an OAuth2 authorization token in REST API calls after obtaining it.
#include <C_CkJsonObjectW.h> #include <C_CkHttpW.h> #include <C_CkHttpRequestW.h> #include <C_CkHttpResponseW.h> #include <C_CkRestW.h> #include <C_CkStringBuilderW.h> void ChilkatSample(void) { HCkJsonObjectW json; BOOL success; const wchar_t *accessToken; HCkHttpW http; const wchar_t *responseStr; HCkHttpRequestW req; HCkHttpResponseW resp; HCkRestW rest; HCkStringBuilderW sbAuthHeaderVal; // This example assumes the Chilkat API to have been previously unlocked. // See Global Unlock Sample for sample code. // This example demonstrates how to include the OAuth2 authorization token in HTTP requests (REST API calls). // An OAuth2 authorization token is typically in JSON format, and looks something like this: // { // "token_type": "Bearer", // "scope": "openid profile User.ReadWrite Mail.ReadWrite Mail.Send Files.ReadWrite User.Read Calendars.ReadWrite Group.ReadWrite.All", // "expires_in": 3600, // "ext_expires_in": 3600, // "access_token": "EwCQA8l6...rW5az09bI0C", // "refresh_token": "MCZhZ...6jBNRcpuQW", // "id_token": "eyJ0eXAi...kcuQQrT03jMyA", // "expires_on": "1569281808" // } // A few notes about the JSON above: // // 1) Different OAuth2 implementations (servers) may have different JSON members. // The important ones for this discussion are "access_token" and "refresh_token". // These members should always be named exactly "access_token" and "refresh_token". // (I've never seen them named differently, although I don't think it's a formal standard.) // // 2) The "id_token" is present if you obtained the OAuth2 authorization token including "openid" in the scope. // It contains information about the user. It is a JWT (per the OIDC specification) and here is the Chilkat // example for decoding the id_token. // // 3) If you don't have a "refresh_token" in your JSON, some REST API's require "offline_access" to be included // in the scope when obtaining the OAuth2 token. // // 4) IMPORTANT: Quite often, access_token's are only valid for a limited amount of time. (Often just 1 hour (i.e. 3600 seconds)). // When the access token expires, your HTTP request will fail with a 401 Unauthorized status response. This is where your application // can automatically recover by fetching a new access_token and re-sending the request. I'll explain... // Usually getting an OAuth2 token for a user requires interactive approval from the user in a browser. // However, refreshing the access_token does NOT require user interaction. You should design // your application to automatically recover from an expired access token by // (A) Automatically fetch a new access_token using the refresh_token as shown in this example. // (B) Persist the new JSON to wherever you're storing the access token, such as in a file or database record. You'll need it for the next time you refresh. // (C) Update the http.AuthToken or rest.Authorization property (as shown below) // (D) Re-send the request using the updated auth token. // The above 4 steps (A, B, C, D) can be automatic such that the user never notices, except for a small delay in performance. // When your application obtains the OAuth2 access token, it should store the JSON in persistent manner, such as in // a file, a database record, etc. The "access_token" is used by your application when sending REST requests. Typically, it is sent // in the Authorization request header. For example: // // Authorization: Bearer <token> // // ----- // Chilkat has two classes for sending HTTP requests. One is named "Http" and the other is named "Rest". Either can be used. // Once you become familiar with both, you'll find that some requests are more convenient to code in one or the other. // // I'll demonstrate how to get the access_token from the JSON and add the Authorization header for both cases. // // ---- // ---- (1) Get the access_token ---- json = CkJsonObjectW_Create(); success = CkJsonObjectW_LoadFile(json,L"qa_data/tokens/myToken.json"); if (success != TRUE) { wprintf(L"%s\n",CkJsonObjectW_lastErrorText(json)); CkJsonObjectW_Dispose(json); return; } // Get the access_token member. accessToken = CkJsonObjectW_stringOf(json,L"access_token"); // ---- // ---- (2) Demonstrate adding the "Authorization: Bearer <token>" header using Chilkat Http ---- http = CkHttpW_Create(); // Setting the AuthToken property causes the "Authorization: Bearer <token>" header to be added to each request. CkHttpW_putAuthToken(http,accessToken); // For example: responseStr = CkHttpW_quickGetStr(http,L"https://example.com/someApiCall"); // Another example: req = CkHttpRequestW_Create(); // ... resp = CkHttpW_PostUrlEncoded(http,L"https://example.com/someApiCall",req); // ... CkHttpResponseW_Dispose(resp); // In both of the above cases, the "Authorization: Bearer <token>" header is automatically added to each request. // ---- // ---- (3) Add the Authorization header using Chilkat Rest ---- rest = CkRestW_Create(); success = CkRestW_Connect(rest,L"example.com",443,TRUE,TRUE); // ... // Set the Authorization property to "Bearer <token>" sbAuthHeaderVal = CkStringBuilderW_Create(); CkStringBuilderW_Append(sbAuthHeaderVal,L"Bearer "); CkStringBuilderW_Append(sbAuthHeaderVal,accessToken); CkRestW_putAuthorization(rest,CkStringBuilderW_getAsString(sbAuthHeaderVal)); // All requests sent by the rest object will now include the "Authorization: Bearer <token>" header. // For example: responseStr = CkRestW_fullRequestNoBody(rest,L"GET",L"/someApiCall"); CkJsonObjectW_Dispose(json); CkHttpW_Dispose(http); CkHttpRequestW_Dispose(req); CkRestW_Dispose(rest); CkStringBuilderW_Dispose(sbAuthHeaderVal); } |
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