(PHP Extension) RSA Encrypt/Decrypt AES Key

Demonstrates how to use RSA to protect a key for AES encryption. It can be used in this scenario: You will provide your RSA public key to any number of counterparts. Your counterpart will generate an AES key, encrypt data (or a file) using it, then encrypt the AES key using your RSA public key. Your counterpart sends you both the encrypted data and the encrypted key. Since you are the only one with access to the RSA private key, only you can decrypt the AES key. You decrypt the key, then decrypt the data using the AES key.

This example will show the entire process. (1) Generate an RSA key and save both private and public parts to PEM files. (2) Encrypt a file using a randomly generated AES encryption key. (3) RSA encrypt the AES key. (4) RSA decrypt the AES key. (5) Use it to AES decrypt the file or data.

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<?php

// The version number (9_5_0) should match version of the Chilkat extension used, omitting the micro-version number.
// For example, if using Chilkat v9.5.0.48, then include as shown here:
include("chilkat_9_5_0.php");

// This example assumes the Chilkat API to have been previously unlocked.
// See Global Unlock Sample for sample code.

// ------------------
// Step 1.  Generate an RSA key and save to PEM files.

$rsa = new CkRsa();

// Generate a 1024-bit key. 
$success = $rsa->GenerateKey(1024);
if ($success != true) {
    print $rsa->lastErrorText() . "\n";
    exit;
}

// Keys are exported in XML format:
$pubKeyXml = $rsa->exportPublicKey();

$pubKey = new CkPublicKey();
$success = $pubKey->LoadFromString($pubKeyXml);
// For brevity, we are not checking the return value...
$success = $pubKey->SavePemFile(false,'qa_temp/pubKey.pem');

$privKeyXml = $rsa->exportPrivateKey();

$privKey = new CkPrivateKey();
$success = $privKey->LoadXml($privKeyXml);
$success = $privKey->SavePemFile('qa_temp/privKey.pem');

// Other methods exist for saving the private key in PKCS8 format,
// both encrypted and un-encrypted..

// ------------------
// Step 2.   This is the code your counterpart will run to 
// AES encrypt a file.  It generates a random AES key
// to use for the encryption.

$crypt = new CkCrypt2();

$crypt->put_CryptAlgorithm('aes');
$crypt->put_CipherMode('cbc');
$crypt->put_KeyLength(256);

// Generate random bytes and return the random bytes
// in a hex string:
$crypt->put_EncodingMode('hex');
$randomKey = $crypt->genRandomBytesENC(32);
print 'AES key = ' . $randomKey . "\n";

// Set the key.
$crypt->SetEncodedKey($randomKey,'hex');

// Set the IV to a known value that will be used on both sides.
// (If desired, you could generate a random IV and protect it in the same
// way as the key...)
// The length of the IV for AES is always 16 bytes, regardless of the key size.
$crypt->SetEncodedIV('000102030405060708090A0B0C0D0E0F','hex');

// AES Encrypt the file (the file may be any size because it will
// stream the file in/out.
$success = $crypt->CkEncryptFile('qa_data/hamlet.xml','qa_temp/aesEncrypted.dat');
if ($success != true) {
    print $crypt->lastErrorText() . "\n";
    exit;
}

// ------------------
// Step 3.
// ------------------
// RSA encrypt the AES key.
// We'll pretend  your counter part has the public-key PEM file and needs
// to load it.  Therefore, we'll start with a new RSA object and load
// the public key from the PEM..
$rsa2 = new CkRsa();
$pubKey2 = new CkPublicKey();

// For brevity, don't check the success..  
$success = $pubKey2->LoadFromFile('qa_temp/pubKey.pem');
$pubKeyXml = $pubKey2->getXml();
$success = $rsa2->ImportPublicKey($pubKeyXml);

// RSA encrypt the AES key and return it as a base64 encoded string.
$rsa2->put_EncodingMode('base64');
$bUsePrivateKey = false;
$encryptedAesKey = $rsa2->encryptStringENC($randomKey,$bUsePrivateKey);

// At this point, your counterpart sends you the encryptedAesKey,
// and the encrypted file.

// ------------------
// Step 4 - RSA decrypt the AES key.
// ------------------

// Start with a new RSA object and load the private key from the PEM.
$rsa3 = new CkRsa();
$privKey2 = new CkPrivateKey();

$success = $privKey2->LoadPemFile('qa_temp/privKey.pem');
$privKeyXml = $privKey2->getXml();
$success = $rsa3->ImportPrivateKey($privKeyXml);

// The encrypted AES key is encoded using base64, so set
// our EncodingMode to "base64".
$rsa3->put_EncodingMode('base64');

$bUsePrivateKey = true;
$decryptedAesKey = $rsa3->decryptStringENC($encryptedAesKey,$bUsePrivateKey);
print 'decryptedAesKey = ' . $decryptedAesKey . "\n";

// ------------------
// Step 5 - AES decrypt the file.
// ------------------

$crypt2 = new CkCrypt2();

$crypt2->put_CryptAlgorithm('aes');
$crypt2->put_CipherMode('cbc');
$crypt2->put_KeyLength(256);

// Set the key.
$crypt2->SetEncodedKey($decryptedAesKey,'hex');

// Set the IV 
$crypt2->SetEncodedIV('000102030405060708090A0B0C0D0E0F','hex');

// AES Decrypt the file (the file may be any size because it will
// stream the file in/out.
$success = $crypt2->CkDecryptFile('qa_temp/aesEncrypted.dat','qa_temp/decrypted.xml');
if ($success != true) {
    print $crypt2->lastErrorText() . "\n";
    exit;
}


?>