(Objective-C) AEAD AES 128-bit GCM

Demonstrates AES encryption using the Galois/Counter Mode (GCM). GCM is an authenticated encryption mode with "additional data" (often referred to as AEAD). GCM is a cipher mode that can be applied to any symmetric encryption algorithm with a 16-byte block size, such as AES and Twofish. In GCM mode, the block encryption algorithm is transformed into a stream encryption algorithm, and therefore no padding occurs (and the PaddingScheme property does not apply). The "additional data" (known as the AAD) does not get encrypted but plays a role in the computation of the resulting "authenticated tag".

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#import <CkoCrypt2.h>
#import <NSString.h>

// This example assumes the Chilkat API to have been previously unlocked.
// See Global Unlock Sample for sample code.

CkoCrypt2 *crypt = [[CkoCrypt2 alloc] init];

// Set the encryption algorithm to "AES"	
crypt.CryptAlgorithm = @"aes";

// Indicate that the Galois/Counter Mode (GCM) should be used:
crypt.CipherMode = @"gcm";

// KeyLength may be 128, 192, 256
crypt.KeyLength = [NSNumber numberWithInt:128];

// This is the 128-bit AES secret key (in hex format)
NSString *K = @"feffe9928665731c6d6a8f9467308308";

// This is the 16-byte initialization vector:
NSString *IV = @"cafebabefacedbaddecaf888";

// This is the additional data to be used as input to the GCM AEAD algorithm,
// but is not included in the output.  It plays a role in the computation of the
// resulting authenticated tag.
NSString *AAD = @"feedfacedeadbeeffeedfacedeadbeefabaddad2";

// The plain-text bytes (in hex format) to be encrypted.
NSString *PT = @"d9313225f88406e5a55909c5aff5269a86a7a9531534f7da2e4c303d8a318a721c3c0c95956809532fcf0e2449a6b525b16aedf5aa0de657ba637b39";

// The expected cipher text (in hex format)
NSString *CT = @"42831ec2217774244b7221b784d0d49ce3aa212f2c02a4e035c17e2329aca12e21d514b25466931c7d8f6a5aac84aa051ba30b396a0aac973d58e091";

// The expected authenticated tag given the above inputs.
NSString *T = @"5bc94fbc3221a5db94fae95ae7121a47";

// Note: The above data are the values for test vector #4 from 
// the PDF document at: http://csrc.nist.gov/groups/ST/toolkit/BCM/documents/proposedmodes/gcm/gcm-spec.pdf

// EncodingMode specifies the encoding of the output for
// encryption, and the input for decryption.
// It may be "hex", "url", "base64", or "quoted-printable".
crypt.EncodingMode = @"hex";

// Set the secret key and IV
[crypt SetEncodedIV: IV encoding: @"hex"];
[crypt SetEncodedKey: K encoding: @"hex"];

// Set the additional authenticated data (AAD)
BOOL success = [crypt SetEncodedAad: AAD encoding: @"hex"];

// For the purpose of duplicating the test vectors, we are using the EncryptEncoded method.
// This method decodes the input string according to the encoding specified by the EncodingMode
// property, which in this case is "hex".  The decoded bytes are encrypted using the mode specified
// by the CipherMode property.  The resulting
// encrypted bytes are encoded (again using the encoding mode specified by EncodingMode),
// and the result is returned.
// <b>Note:</b> The CipherMode property sets the block mode of operation (gcm, cfb, cbc, ofb, ecb, etc.) 
// for any of the Chilkat encryption/decryption methods (such as EncryptBytes, EncryptString, 
// CkEncryptFile, etc.)   Just because GCM mode is demonstrated with EncryptEncoded/DecryptEncoded,
// does not imply that GCM mode is specific to only these methods.
NSString *ctResult = [crypt EncryptEncoded: PT];
if (crypt.LastMethodSuccess != YES) {
    NSLog(@"%@",crypt.LastErrorText);
    return;
}

// Examine the result.  It should be the same (case insensitive) as our expected result:
NSLog(@"%@%@",@"computed result: ",ctResult);
NSLog(@"%@%@",@"expected result: ",CT);

// Examine the authenticated tag. It should be the same (case insensitive) as our expected authenticated tag:
NSString *tResult = [crypt GetEncodedAuthTag: @"hex"];
NSLog(@"%@%@",@"computed authTag: ",tResult);
NSLog(@"%@%@",@"expected authTag: ",T);

// -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Now let's GCM decrypt...
// -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

// Before GCM decrypting, we must set the authenticated tag to the value that is expected.
// The decryption will fail if the resulting authenticated tag is not equal (case insensitive) to 
// the expected result.
// Note: The return value of SetEncodedAuthTag indicates whether the string passed was a valid
// representation of the encoding specified in the 2nd arg.
success = [crypt SetEncodedAuthTag: T encoding: @"hex"];

// All of our properties (IV, secret key, cipher mode, and AAD) are already set from the code above...

// So let's decrypt CT to and check to see if we get PT.
NSString *ptResult = [crypt DecryptEncoded: CT];
if (crypt.LastMethodSuccess != YES) {
    // Failed.  The resultant authenticated tag did not equal the expected authentication tag.
    NSLog(@"%@",crypt.LastErrorText);
    return;
}

// Examine the decrypted result.  It should be the same as our expected plaintext (case insensitive)
NSLog(@"%@%@",@"plaintext decrypted: ",ptResult);
NSLog(@"%@%@",@"plaintext expected:  ",PT);

// Let's intentionally set the expected authenticated tag to an incorrect value. 
// The decrypt operation should fail:
NSString *tInvalid = @"ffaabbbc3221a5db94fae95ae7121a47";

success = [crypt SetEncodedAuthTag: tInvalid encoding: @"hex"];

ptResult = [crypt DecryptEncoded: CT];
if (crypt.LastMethodSuccess != YES) {
    // Failed.  The resultant authenticated tag did not equal the expected authentication tag.
    NSLog(@"%@",crypt.LastErrorText);
}